周期可变的交通灯自动管理

对道路交通拥挤,秩序混乱,特别是交叉路口经常出现拥堵的情况,通过运用先进的计算机控制技术,可以从很大程度上解决这一突出问题,大大提高市区车辆通行能力,从而提高全社会的经济效益和社会效益。     

多相位信号灯的优化——可变车道灯的设置

文章对多相位信号灯交叉路口的交通情况进行了简要分析,认为只有设置可变车道灯才可能解决平面交叉路口的拥堵问题.并对设置可变车道灯的可行性进行了分析.     

Small arms and light weapons: the disjunction problem

ABSTRACT

Growing in range and urgency, humanitarian needs now pose increasingly acute questions for national security policy formulation. Whether over forced migration, food scarcity or nefarious electronic penetration, state security preferences face uneasy accommodations with individual needs be it for child survival, basic sustenance or rights to privacy. This paper deliberates a further field of increasingly apparent value contest: that involving the transfer, diversion and lethal use of small arms and light weapons (SALW). After outlining the scale of this phenomenon, existing regulatory mechanisms over SALW transfers are assessed. It is argued that these controls are inadequate, a deficiency that is embedded within a range of inter-linked disjunctions. They are outlined in a model that is evaluated against empirical findings. Where SALW control inadequacy is causally connected to the disjunctive model, it is argued, current levels of SALW-induced casualties are unlikely to abate. The paper concludes by considering feasible options for enhanced management of global SALW proliferation.     

刑法中不履行债务行为犯罪化现象之分析

我国刑法将不履行债务行为犯罪化符合社会发展的现实需要,符合犯罪的本质属性,符合国外的相关立法例。但债务不履行行为的犯罪化并非无任何限制。应当遵循个别化原则,以债的履行为主要目的,对侵害涉共同利益和主流价值的债权行为加以规制,并配以轻刑。     

刑罚轻刑化的法律价值与实践路径探析--以宽严相济刑事政策为视角

刑罚轻刑化是人类社会法律制度进一步关注人权和走向文明的体现。在宽严相济刑事政策背景下,笔者通过对刑罚轻刑化的法律价值与我国刑罚轻刑化的现状分析,着重从立法与司法层面将历史上重刑主义与轻刑政策加以比对和研究,以增强轻刑化观点的可信度与可行性,为我国刑罚轻刑化实践路径在制度构建层面夯实理论根基。     

The Development of Competitive Industries: The Role of State Government Actors

Despite widespread adoption of Porter's Industrial Cluster Theory as a policy development framework by federal and state governments over the past decade, Australia remains significantly below the OECD average in terms of its industries' economic contributions to real wealth creation ( Brown 2000 ; OECD 1998 ). The major cause cited for this relatively poor performance has been inability of key government officials to implement effective industry policy that simultaneously avoids de facto protectionism and distortion of competition. This article provides an insight into the key policy decisions undertaken by the Tasmanian state government that coincided with development of an internationally successful shipbuilding industry in that state. As such, this article provides a reflection on policy initiatives that may be valuable for government officials elsewhere.     

从旧兼从轻原则之“不能承受之重”——对最高院《关于〈刑法修正案(八)〉时间效力问题的解释》之反思

从旧兼从轻原则不仅适用于定罪量刑,还适用于刑罚执行,因此,《解释》中无论是关于定罪量刑的规定抑或是关于刑罚执行的规定,都必须贯彻从旧兼从轻原则。然而,《解释》的8个条款中竟有4个条款突破或僭越了从旧兼从轻原则,而且,《解释》对刑法的"从轻"适用,并非整体适用某一相对较轻的法律,而是选择适用数法律中对于犯罪人有利的法条,实乃从旧兼从轻原则之"不能承受之重"。反思《解释》,司法机关应严格遵循《刑法》总则第12条关于刑法溯及力的规定来决定适用新旧法,同时,在贯彻从旧兼从轻原则时,应整体适用"轻法"。     

中国古代慎刑的政治思想

慎刑是我国古代社会世轻世重刑事政策的重要内容，它的推行受了多重政治思想的影响。正是由于秦朝法家重刑主义思想的惨败、西汉初期黄老道家思想的推行、汉代以后儒家政治思想的一以贯之，统治者在刑罚的适用中才秉承了慎刑思想，进而建立起了容隐、怜老恤幼、死刑审核等慎刑制度。     

我国光污染防治立法初探

光污染是继废气、废水、废渣和噪声污染之后的一种新的环境污染,其对环境的危害日益严重。我国光污染的严重现状及法律规制的不足使我国有必要进行光污染防治立法。我们应当以经济、生态的可持续发展为指导理念,制定一部光污染的单行法,建立光环境标准制度、光污染防治管理制度、公众参与制度、当事人责任分担制度等对其进行规制。     

论轻刑化在我国的实现

轻刑化,指对于已经确定为犯罪的行为,如果以较轻的刑事责任方式足以抑止和预防某种犯罪行为,就不要使用较重的刑事责任方式。轻刑化是刑法谦抑性的应有内涵、是保护人权的需要、是罪责刑相适应原则的要求、是实现刑罚目的的需要。轻刑化是一个相对的概念,轻刑化的适用要以犯罪行为的存在为前提。同时,轻刑化需要从立法、司法等多个方面来实现。